Customer Lifetime Value Pricing

Casualty Actuarial Society · Ratemaking Working Group · Project Hub
Live hub — always current
Updated 2026-09-27 · Phase 6 — manuscript v5.2 in two documents: paper (conceptual) + technical supplement · Call #9 (Sep 24) confirmed Mark Mondello's Appendix F reproduction (R5-1…R5-7) and R4-15; v5.2 incorporates them, with one toolkit rounding corrected (3+ product relativity 0.9684 → 0.9683) and the conclusion unchanged · v5.2 package assembled Sep 27 · period of performance ends Sep 30
Last bi-weekly call
Thu Sep 24 · 4:30 PM ET CALL #9 held
Current phase
P1–P5 done · P6 — manuscript v5.2, paper + technical supplement
Next milestone
Final submission of the v5.2 package (assembled Sep 27)
Delivery dates
v5.2 assembled Sep 27 · Sep 30 period of performance ends

Phase timeline

P1
Lit review & framework
Jun 11–24
DONE
P2
Data & synthetic
Jun 25–30
DONE
P3
CLV models
Jul 1–14
DONE
P4
Ratemaking + reg.
Jul 15–28
DONE
P5
Case studies
Jul 29–Aug 19
DONE
P6
Paper & toolkit
Aug 20–Sep 30
IN PROGRESS

Deliverables

All three contractual deliverables are assembled in the v5.2 package (27 Sep) and mutually consistent. Every quoted figure is produced by one seeded run and checked by a drift gate that reports 0 unmatched on the paper (856 figures), technical supplement (1,119), executive summary (46), quick start (45) and leadership brief (10); the working repository passes 195 tests, ruff and mypy. Files are available on request.

DeliverableVersionState
Peer-reviewed paper
CAS_CLV_Paper_v5.2.docx / .pdf (57 pp) · CAS_CLV_Technical_Supplement_v5.2.docx / .pdf (53 pp)
v5.2 ✓ complete two documents from the same pinned numbers — paper (conceptual, plain language, 17 figures, glossary App. C) + technical supplement (formulas, full tables, provenance, 13 hand-worked exhibits App. F, 78-term glossary App. G, RFP crosswalk App. H) · v5.2 incorporates Mark Mondello's Appendix F reproduction (R5-1…R5-7, confirmed on Call #9): one toolkit rounding corrected (3+ products 0.9683, mono-line 1.0954), the worked chains print the precision the toolkit divides at, conclusion unchanged · change memo v2.0→v5.2
Executive summary
CAS_CLV_Executive_Summary_v5.2.docx / .pdf
v5.2 ✓ complete 3 pp — inside the contractual 2–3
Quick start & companion workbook
CAS_CLV_Quickstart_v5.2.docx / .pdf (3 pp) · CAS_CLV_Companion_Workbook_v5.2.xlsx
v5.2 ✓ complete the workbook reproduces Appendix F in live Excel: 16 sheets, 556 formulas off one Inputs sheet, every check cell zero except the five captioned F.9 rounding differences
Open-source toolkit
cas_clv, MPL 2.0
release subset publication pending curated, independently gated subset; to be rebuilt from v5.2 and published — awaiting the casact repository
CAS RPM 2027 session
proposal + 24-slide deck · submission package
submission-ready ✓ built validated against every webform and accessibility limit — awaiting the deadline + submission route

Five review rounds are answered. Round 1 (AJ Robinson's 18, Mark Mondello's 6) drove v3.0–v3.2; round 2 (Call #6) v3.3; round 3 (Call #7) v4.0; round 4 (AJ's written review of v5.0 and Mark's first-term expense question, Call #8) v5.1; round 5 (Mark's Appendix F reproduction, Call #9) v5.2.
Every point either reviewer raised, with its disposition and the file it landed in →

Review responses

Every point any POG member has raised — in writing, on a call, or in a spreadsheet — with the response, the file the change actually landed in, and its status. One page, kept current, so no reviewer has to hunt across call briefs to find out what happened to their comment. Open the register →

ReviewerRaisedResult
AJ Robinson
Allstate
30 points
18 written on v2.0, 13 Aug · R4-1…R4-12 written on v5.0, 10 Sep
✓ all closed Drove paper v3.0 — the revision that changed the toolkit and moved reported numbers — and the v5.1 wording round. response memo · register §5c
Mark Mondello
QBE
23 points in five waves
3 verbal (Call #3) · 6 written, 17 Aug · 5 spreadsheet cells · R4-13/R4-14, 10 Sep · R5-1…R5-7, 23 Sep
✓ all closed Drove the tenure-varying loss ratio, the micro-cohort, v3.1, v3.2/L14, the v5.1 first-term expense correction and, through his Appendix F reproduction, v5.2. response memo · register §5d
Ronald Kozlowski
RTK Services
1 question, 2 Jul · 93 marked-up comments on v2.0, 7 Sep ✓ all dispositioned 1 awaiting ratification The expense-timing question became the split acquisition/renewal expense and clv_net_of_acquisition; the marked-up review drove v4.0's abstract, §9.6 and the fixed-expense views. RK-46 waits on POG ratification of the basis names. response memo
Geoff Werner
Werner Advisory
Aran Paik
No written review comments received to date Nothing has been attributed to either member, and nothing invented on their behalf. A pass over paper §§6–7 — the relativity construction, the credibility basis and the admissibility argument — would land on the material with the least independent review so far. Input invited.

Interactive tools

ToolWhat it does
CLV scenario planner
evergreen · runs in your browser
Public link — no account needed →
share this one with the POG
Every lever predict_clv() has, on two modes. Book average values the fitted 5,000-customer book across all six model families and is an exact factorisation of predict_clv(), not an approximation — retention shock, both growth hazards, LAE, the fixed-dollar expense fields, tenure trend on the revenue-neutral or level-effect basis, horizon to 30 years. Single customer is a discrete term-by-term calculation on an explicit retention path, so a reviewer can load their own spreadsheet's assumptions and see exactly where it differs. Presets include the seven named scenarios and the reviewed worked example, both as written and as corrected. It checks itself: 100 Python-generated golden vectors are recomputed in the browser on load, and a test runs the same page's JavaScript under Node against the Python reference.
Review-response register
evergreen
Every point any POG member has raised, its disposition, and the file the change landed in.

161 register rows across five rounds (164 points, counting Ron Kozlowski's 93 marked-up comments individually): 160 closed, 1 open — RK-46, POG ratification of the revenue-neutral / level-effect basis names, which the manuscript already uses. Four closed rows (c14, c46, MM-A1, RK-39) amend an earlier binding decision and also wait on POG ratification rather than on work. Mark’s Jul-16 request for access without a Hugging Face account closed on 8 Sep, when this hub and the planner became public Spaces.

Bi-weekly calls (4:30 PM EST)

#DatePhaseMaterialsStatus
—Jun 8–9Kickoff decisions ✓ held
1Thu Jun 18, 20261 Phase 1 framework · brief · slide ✓ held
2Thu Jul 2, 20262 brief · framework (upd. §2.1) ✓ held
3Thu Jul 16, 20263 brief · worked examples · case studies · POG poll ✓ held
4Thu Aug 6, 2026
moved from Jul 30 · 30 min, hard stop 5:00 PM ET
4 brief · cohorts & scenarios · scenario planner · POG poll ✓ held
5Thu Aug 13, 20265 brief not used · written review round 1 still received this date (A. Robinson, 18 comments on paper v2.0) · response memo ⊘ cancelled — rolled into #6
6Fri Aug 21, 2026
full-package review · presented from the RPM deck
6 brief · package review · POG poll · session deck · response to M. Mondello · post-call record ✅ held
round 1 accepted · 7 round-2 items opened
7Thu Aug 27, 2026
30 min, hard stop 5:00 PM ET
6 brief · what the review changed · POG poll · response memo ✓ held
43 min, all four reviewers present. Reframed the paper for two audiences; asked for an early "so what" illustration, the removal of "price optimization", book valuation as a use case, and one email with draft + links (R3-1 to R3-9)
8Thu Sep 10, 2026
30 min, hard stop 5:00 PM ET
6 brief · POG poll · deep dive: the one-page case and two expense views · response to R. Kozlowski ✓ held
paper v5.0 + technical supplement · AJ's written review R4-1…R4-12 and Mark's first-term expense question discussed; R4-4 and R4-10 adopted → paper v5.1 (Sep 15)
9Thu Sep 24, 20266 Mark Mondello's Appendix F reproduction · register §5d ✓ held
R5-1…R5-7 and R4-15 confirmed → paper v5.2 (Sep 27)

People

CAS staff / coordinators
ES
Elizabeth Smith
CAS
HD
Heather Davis
CAS
Project Oversight Group (reviewers)
MM
Mark Mondello
QBE
AR
AJ Robinson
Allstate
AP
AJ Paik
POG reviewer
GW
Geoff Werner
Werner Advisory
RK
Ronald Kozlowski
RTK Services
Researcher
PM
Pramod Misra (Principal)
5G Vector · pmisra30@gatech.edu

POG inputs & decisions

DateDecision / input
Jun 9All 7 kickoff decisions confirmed — hybrid headline (BG/NBD + ML); regulatory CA/TX/NY/NAIC + CO SB21-169 + GDPR brief; both lines, personal-led; weekly written + bi-weekly calls.
Jun 18Call #1 held — Phase-1 framework, reference walk-through and the 9 framework questions presented (see call materials).
Jul 2Call #2 — Phase-2 close-out; framework refinement for review: two-variant CLV reporting (unconstrained filing base vs constrained incl. cross-sell + upsell) — POG to confirm terminology.
Jul 2R. Kozlowski (post-call): incorporate expenses that change over the policy lifetime (acquisition >> renewal)? Accepted — matches brief Q6(a); split acquisition/renewal expense adopted into the framework (§2.2): residual CLV charges renewal expense only (acquisition sunk), inception CLV nets acquisition off; implementation to be shown at the Jul 16 call.
Jul 16Call #3 — Phase-3 close-out. All six model families live; expense-timing + loss-basis + two-variant work implemented. 5-question POG poll — hybrid guardrails, expense headline, loss basis, CLV labels, comparison-table metrics. Also: worked examples — all six model families on one customer + public-benchmark hand-check (they agree within ±7%).
Jul 16POG feedback (CLV paper): provide a simplified, visual set of case studies that explain the whole paper at a glance. Built → the whole paper in 6 case studies (1 individual + 5 cohort, per the annuity-analog discipline; inline-SVG visuals, reproducible).
Jul 16M. Mondello (on call): should losses “differ by how long you have had them renew” rather than a flat 66% at every renewal? Accepted & built — CLV is now Σ n_t × margin(t); measured gradient 0.625→0.416 shipped as a smoothed 4.22%/yr credit across all six model families, default off (exact no-op). Key finding: on the revenue-neutral basis the effect inverts — the 10+ yr cohort's mean CLV falls 7.4% while younger cohorts rise, so a naive tenure discount would be backwards. Built → cohorts & scenarios deep dive
Jul 16M. Mondello (on call): a very simple case study — “two people renew, five people renew for ten years” — to show how the model accounts for it in terms of profit. Built → cas_clv.cohorts.mark_cohort(): seven named policyholders, every cell hand-checkable; two of seven destroy value yet the cohort earns +$5,306.98 (+$3,127 as presented on Aug 6; corrected at v5.1, when the first term took the acquisition ratio in place of the renewal ratio). Scaled to tenure cohorts (mean CLV 4.3× across tenure) and a per-cohort profit bridge.
Jul 16Researcher commitment: a web UI where you set loss ratio, average premium and expenses and read CLV back. Built → interactive scenario planner (client-side, all six model families, reconciles to predict_clv() to the cent) + seven named scenarios and a generated sensitivity appendix.
Aug 13A. Robinson (written review, 18 comments on paper v2.0): four of them found things that were wrong, not unclear. Cross-sell was being credited in every renewal term rather than once — it is now a one-time event with an annual hazard, and the growth gap falls $693.40 → $376.21 per customer. Credibility was on customer counts against a claim-count standard, which on equal-size quintiles returned an identical 0.9614 in all five rows — a column carrying no information; it is now on claim counts. Built → what the review changed · point-by-point memo
Aug 13A. Robinson: show the retention-adjusted loss ratio by segment, not by tenure — a by-tenure exhibit cannot support charging less for business expected to persist longer. Built & it is the strongest new result in the paper: the 3+ product segment has the worst first-term loss ratio of three (0.6652) and still indicates a credit (0.9683), on 9.44 expected years against 6.53 for mono-line (paper v5.2; it read 0.9646 on 8.62 against 5.11 at v3.0–v3.2; expected lifetime now comes from the book's persistency table). A single-term exhibit ranks it last of three; the lifetime exhibit ranks it second. Built → Exhibit 11, paper §6.2.1
Aug 13A. Robinson: the two variants are named backwards — “constrained” reads as the regulatorily constrained, filing-safe variant. Accepted — renamed to the neutral clv_base / clv_with_growth, with the old names kept as deprecated aliases for one release so nothing that already runs breaks. Aug 21 poll Q4 confirms the pair
Aug 17M. Mondello (written review, 6 comments + a discrete Excel example): asked for churn, m/r/d and the BTYD/ML/GBM/GLM abbreviations to be defined at first use; could not follow the filing-basis inversion; and asked whether the absorbing lapse state double-counts the non-renewal churn already in Si(t). All six addressed in paper v3.1, and the real-versus-nominal loose end his red cell N17 exposed is resolved in v3.2 (limitation L14) — exposition only, no figure moved. His spreadsheet reproduces to the cent ($1,759.73 / $1,610.15 / gap $149.58) and independently reproduced the cross-sell defect, built as it was from the v2.0 text — his per-term cross-sell probabilities sum to 1.15. Two corrections returned (+$101.23 growth shape, −$199.76 multiplicative tenure credit → $1,661.20), and one of his red cells found a genuine loose end: day-0 real cash flows discounted at a nominal cost of equity. Built → response memo + corrected workbook (2026-08-21_CLV_Discrete_Example_reconciled.xlsx)
Aug 21Full-package review (Call #6). All three contractual deliverables presented together: paper v3.2 (49 pp at the time; v3.3 is 54), executive summary (3 pp, inside the contractual 2–3), and the toolkit as a 96-file MPL 2.0 release that passes its own gate — 130 tests, ruff, mypy and the drift check all clean inside dist_release/, not merely in the working repo. Presented from the RPM session deck, whose every figure is generated from the same seeded payload the manuscript is validated against, so slide and paper cannot disagree. Asked of the POG → four routing decisions, three of which only CAS can make: Aug 21 poll
Aug 27Call #7 (Werner, Kozlowski, Mondello, Robinson; 43 min). Werner: “who are we really writing for?” — two audiences, a business register, and an early “so what” illustration (two customers, one year vs five; Mondello: flat 90% retention is fine for the opener). Werner and Kozlowski: this is not price optimization — drop the term. Kozlowski: could this value a book of business; can the high-value risk be identified ex ante? Robinson: single-line / multi-line for the variants? All: one email with draft and links, not Teams. Register R3-1 … R3-9. Built → paper v4.0: the one-page case, worked
Sep 7R. Kozlowski (marked-up review of v2.0, 93 comments, Abstract–§5.3). Three changed what the paper says: #24 (“then why write this paper?” — the abstract now states where CLV's economic content is), #95 (book valuation → new §9.6), #169 (the synthetic-data sentence). #112 disagrees with Robinson's #111 on fixed expense → v4.0 carries both a marginal and a fully-allocated view; the default goes to the Sep 10 poll Q2. Global rules on sentence length, jargon and section references applied to the whole paper. All 93 dispositioned (RK-2 … RK-91) → response memo
Sep 9Researcher → POG: paper v5.0 package — paper (59 pp) and technical supplement (51 pp), one email — both memos, Mondello's reconciled worksheet, planner and hub links. Sent Sep 9 rather than the promised Sep 1–2 so Ron's review could go into one version. No toolkit arithmetic changed; the only new numbers since v3.3 are the §1.1 case ($979.28 / $988.56 today; $3,701.20 / $3,196.62 over five years, gap $504.58) and the fully-allocated example ($782.14 vs $278.88 on the §3.4 renewer; in-force book $13,842,714.22 vs $12,973,898.83) → Sep 10 brief (Corrected at v5.1: the ten-year renewer is $1,093.62 marginal and $590.36 fully allocated.)
Sep 10Call #8. AJ Robinson's written review of v5.0 (R4-1…R4-12) and Mark Mondello's question on first-term expense (R4-13, R4-14; R4-15 follow-on). R4-4 (the RFP crosswalk moves to Supplement Appendix H) and R4-10 (the toolkit-scope formulation) adopted. Built → paper v5.1 (Sep 15): the first term carries the acquisition ratio in place of the renewal ratio, so the worked example's five-year value is $406.03 and the ten-year renewer $1,093.62 — register §5c
Sep 23M. Mondello asked for Appendix F as a workbook; building it reproduced every hand-worked chain in live Excel and surfaced seven points (R5-1…R5-7), one of them a toolkit rounding in the segment relativity.
Sep 24Call #9. R5-1…R5-7 and R4-15 confirmed. Built → paper v5.2 (Sep 27): the segment relativity no longer rounds before dividing (3+ products 0.9684 → 0.9683, mono-line 1.0955 → 1.0954); the companion workbook ships with the package — register §5d

Open action items

  • Researcher: final submission of the v5.2 package (assembled Sep 27) inside the period of performance, which ends Sep 30
  • POG — ratification, carried since Aug 27: the revenue-neutral / level-effect basis names (RK-46), already used throughout the manuscript, and the four closed rows that amend an earlier binding decision (c14, c46, MM-A1, RK-39) — register
  • POG (Call #4) — still unanswered: the tenure-loss default and whether a tenure relativity may enter a filed exhibit — Aug 6 poll Q1 & Q3. The paper still marks those passages provisional
  • POG (Call #8): the Sep 10 poll outcomes are not minuted. The manuscript ships clv_base / clv_with_growth, the marginal expense view as default with the fully-allocated view beside it, and rating decisions as the primary use with book valuation second (§9.6)
  • CAS: submission venue (Variance vs E-Forum) — it drives the reference template; the abstract is now 250 words — Aug 21 poll Q1
  • CAS: ScholarOne + github.com/casact repository provisioning, for the toolkit release
  • CAS: RPM Seminar — the submission package (title, 225-word description, three learning objectives, a 24-slide accessibility-compliant deck) is drafted and validated. Need the RPM 2027 deadline and whether it is submitted as a project deliverable or an individual speaker proposal
  • Researcher: §IX handover package to CAS — broader than the public release and distinct from it; not yet assigned in the plan
  • Closed since August: the §3.5 bases renamed (v3.3); round-2 items landed in v3.3, round-3 in v4.0, round-4 in v5.1, round-5 in v5.2; hub access (both Spaces public since Sep 8); the NAIC cross-carrier test (cannot run on public data; the curve ships as a mechanism, package review §5); the four-fifths screen extended to age bands (minimum ratio 0.9729, none flagged); the 22% underwriting margin stated in §4.3

Weekly updates & key documents

TypeItem
Friday updateJun 12, 2026 — first weekly POG update
Phase 1 overviewFramework & reference foundations — visual Phase-1 page (framework · how it came from each reference · open questions)
FrameworkCLV framework · data architecture · dependency decisions
Literatureliterature review (16-paper corpus)
Plan / statusofficial CAS plan · delivery plan · tracker
Sensitivitysensitivity appendix — eight-dimension grid + seven named scenarios, generated from the seeded book
This research project has been funded by the Casualty Actuarial Society.